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C Matrices Subtraction

What is matrix?

In mathematics, a matrix is a collection of numbers arranged into a fixed number of rows and colums. The numbers arranged in a matrix usually a real numbers. In general, matrices can contain complex numbers as well, but it's rarest one to see. Some examples of matrix format are given below.

2 x 2

1  1.15
1  0.41

3 x 2

1  hello
1  world
1  0.5

3 x 3

1  1  matrix
1  1  0.2   
1  1  1

What is Array?

Arrays are one of a kind of data structure because arrays defines the way of arranging the data, which allows us to manipulated the data in interesting ways.Array is a collection of data, which is very similar to a matrix but a difference is that array can hold only data of similar datatypes ie) We could have an array of intergers or an array of characters or an array of floating point.

3 x 3

1  1  1
1  1  1
1  1  1

3 x 3

0.3  0.2  0.1
0.2  0.3  0.2
0.1  0.1  0.3

3 x 3

a  b  c
d  e  f
g  h  i

Array vs Matrix

All Arrays are Matrix, but all Matrices or not an Array

C Program - Subtraction of Array - Basic Level

Lets code a C program to subtraction of two array matrices

c-matrices-subtraction-1.c

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, j, row1, col1, a[10][10], b[10][10];
printf("Enter the order of matrix up to (10 x 10): \n ");
scanf("%d %d ", &row1, &col1);
printf("\nEnter the Elements of matrix A :\n ");
for(i = 0;i < row1;i++)
{
for(j = 0;j < col1;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\nEnter the Elements of matrix B: \n ");
for(i = 0;i < row1;i++)
{
for(j = 0;j < col1;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\nMatrix Subtraction: \n ");
for(i = 0;i < row1;i++)
{
for(j = 0;j < col1;j++)
{
printf("%4d", a[i][j] - b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

Enter the order of matrix up to (10 x 10) : 
3 3 
Enter the Elements of matrix A :
3   3   3
3   3   3
3   3   3
Enter the Elements of matrix B :
2   2   2
2   2   2
2   2   2
Matrix Subtraction:
1   1   1
1   1   1
1   1   1

Note:

Here we used two for loops to collect the values in matrix form for an array a[][]. Same procedure is repeated to collect the values in matrix form for an array b[][]. Now we used 3rd set of two for loops to display the subtraction of two matrices without storing a subtracted values in any temporary array.

C Program - Subtraction of Array - Advanced Level

Lets code a C program to subtraction of two array matrices with improved level.

c-matrices-subtraction-2.c

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i ,j,k , row1, col1, a[10][10], b[10][10] ;
printf( "Enter the order of matrix up to (10 x 10): \n" );
scanf( "%d %d" , &row1 , &col1 );
for(k = 65;k <= 66;k++)
{
printf( "\nEnter the Elements of matrix %c :\n",k );
for( i = 0; i < row1; i++ )
{
for( j = 0; j < col1; j++ )
{
if(k == 65)
scanf( "%d" , &a[i][j] );
if(k == 66)
scanf( "%d" , &b[i][j] );
}
}
}
printf("\nMatrix Addition: \n" );
for( i = 0; i < row1; i++ )
{
for( j = 0; j < col1; j++ )
{
printf("%4d" , a[i][j] - b[i][j] );
}
printf("\n" );
}
return 0;
}

Enter the order of matrix up to (10 x 10) : 
3 3 
Enter the Elements of matrix A :
9   8   7
6   5   4
3   2   1
Enter the Elements of matrix B :
1   2   3 
4   5   6
7   8   9
Matrix Subtraction:
8   6   4
2   0   -2
-4   -6   -8

Note:

In the above program we used single set of for loop to collect the values in matrix form for an array a[][] and b[][]. Now we used 2nd set of two for loops to display the subtraction of two matrices without storing a subtracted values in any temperary array.

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